大别山花岗质岩浆的形成:胶水或含自由水体系的熔融——以天堂寨和九资河花岗岩为例     

王强  邱家骧  王人镜 《地质学报》2000,74(1)

本文以北大别地块中典型燕山期花岗岩——天堂寨、九资河花岗岩为例,研究了其黑云母、角闪石的矿物成分及岩石包体特征;并结合当前有关脱水熔融和含自由水体系的熔融实验岩石学成果,对花岗质岩浆的形成方式进行了讨论,认为天堂寨、九资河花岗岩是由含自由水体系的熔融作用形成的,含水流体的主要来源可能为南大别地块。  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地超压体系的成因及与油气的关系   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

殷秀兰  李思田 《地质力学学报》2000,6(3):69-77

莺歌海盆地独特的地质进程形成多套泥源层,泥源岩的压实与排液不均衡导致盆地内存在大规模的超压体系,大量的生烃及水热增压使盆地内超压进一步加剧。底辟作用将超压传递至浅层,使超压体系的分布在不同深度和不同构造带中的差异均较大。在中央底辟带,由于泥-流体底辟活动极强,突破的地层多,超压顶面埋深很浅;超压的释放不仅仅是孔隙流体的逸散,更重要的是烃源(主要是泥源层)所生成的油和气作为热流体的一部分,伴随热流体向上突破、运移到浅部分异、逸散和聚集形成气藏。   相似文献   

利用井温分布估算莺-琼盆地地下流体运移速度   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张键  葛社民  许鹤华  熊亮萍  杨计海  张启明 《地质力学学报》2000,6(2):1-5

莺-琼盆地是典型的高温高压盆地,现今平均地表热流78.7mW/m2,产生地表高热流的主要原因是深部热流体活动。根据盆地地温场分布特征与地下流体活动规律的关系,利用井温资料,我们计算了典型钻孔LD30-1-1A井地下流体的流速分布。结果表明,LD-30-1-1A井地下流体可分为上、中、下三段。上段流体运动微弱,垂向流速仅为8.33×10-12 cm/s;中段流体向下垂向流速为4.37×10-8 cm/s;下段流体向上垂向流速为2.65×10-8 cm/s.   相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉岩浆—热液演化和成因   总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20  

朱金初  吴长年  刘昌实  李福春  黄小龙  周东山 《高校地质学报》2000,6(1):40-52

新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉,由一陡倾斜的巨大岩钟和缓倾斜的板状体联合组成,总 体形态似一实心草帽。其空间分带十分明显,自外向内可依次划分出如下九个共生－结 构带 ：Ⅰ 文象、变文象伟晶岩带;Ⅱ 糖粒状钠长石带;Ⅲ 块状微斜长石带;Ⅳ 白云母-石英 带;Ⅴ 叶钠长石-锂辉石带;Ⅵ 石英-锂辉石（-叶钠长石）带;Ⅶ 白云母-薄片状钠长石 带;Ⅷ 锂云母-薄片状钠长石带;Ⅸ 石英和微斜长石核。根据伟晶岩各共生－结构带的时 空关系、矿物的多世代性和矿物中的包裹体等特征,从岩浆－热液演化的角度,探讨了伟 晶岩的成因问题,认为：Ⅰ、Ⅲ带和部分Ⅱ、Ⅳ带主要是富水但水不饱和的伟晶岩浆 直接结晶的产物;Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ带是在晶体相、熔体相和流体相三相并存的条件下,即岩浆— 热液过渡阶段结晶形成的;Ⅸ带是在热液早阶段从高温富硅酸盐溶质的超临界流体中结晶出 来 的;Ⅷ带和部分Ⅱ、Ⅳ带则是热液交代的产物。但交代流体不是从深部外来,而是从伟 晶岩浆体系本身在分异演化过程中发生液相分离的结果。  相似文献   

盆地流体中有机组分的成矿效应   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

刘建明  叶杰  刘家军  谭骏  朱和平 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2000,19(3):141-148

盆地流体含有丰富的有机组分。有机质-金属耦合作用是盆地流体金属成矿机制的关键,具有极其重要的意义。有机质的成矿作用主要表现为：1)沉积有机质对盆地流体物理化学特征的制约;2)有机组分对金,属成矿元素在盆地流体中的迁移能力、迁移形式以及沉淀就位机制的制约;3)富有机质的地层作为地球化学还原障和H2S障对于流体中金属沉淀就位的制约;4)沉积有机质的演化对于盆地流体运移的制约(通过油气的阵发性析出和二次孔隙的产生)。  相似文献   

热水沉积研究及相关科学问题   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

薛春纪  祁思敬  郑明华  刘建明 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2000,19(3):155-163

本评述了现代大洋底、大陆边缘及大陆热区流体活动和热水沉积的观察研究及其重大理论意义;分析了古代热水沉积岩的普遍性、多样性、规律性及在确立VMS型和Sedex型成矿认识中的作用;提出了三个与热水沉积相关科学问题：盆地动力学演化的热水沉积响应,盆地古流体场及其演化的热水沉积记录．盆地演化-盆地流体-流体成矿三动态耦合。利用盆地中热水沉积序列对盆地发生发展及盆地异常热史和盆地流体演化的详细记载,配合盆地流体数值模拟,是认识盆地流体及其成矿效应等科学问题的全新思路和有效途径。南秦蛉热水沉积海盆具备开展此方面研究的优越条件。  相似文献   

盆地流体及其成矿作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘建明  叶杰  刘家军  谭骏  应汉龙 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2000,19(2):85-94

盆地流体指在大陆性地壳基底上的沉积盆地演化过程中活动于沉积柱内的有机,无机复杂流体相,包括来自盆地内部由有机,无机沉积物压实和相变所释放出的自生流体和外来流体(盆地边缘隆起区补给的大气水和基底补给的流体)。盆地演化早期的沉积水地质阶段很可能以压实驱动流为主的自生流体占优势,而在晚期的渗入水地质阶段则以重力驱动流为主的外来流体。典型的低温热液地球化学特性和丰富有机组分的广泛参与,乃是盆地流体的两大突出特征。盆地流体广泛参与了沉积物的成岩一后生和成烃成矿过程。它既可以上升到达海底以沉积喷流的方式成矿,也可在海底以下的沉积柱中运移时遇到合适的地球化学障而发生沉淀卸载。献中报道的典型矿床类型主要包括沉积喷流型矿床,密西西比式铅锌矿床和大陆砂页岩型矿床。但在我国却发现了一批具有复杂成矿元素组合的重要矿床类型,包括沉积岩容矿的微细浸染型金矿床等。  相似文献   

Hydrothermal Fluid Evolution Associated with Gold Mineralization at the Wenyu Mine, Xiaoqinling District, China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Neng JIANG 《Resource Geology》2000,50(2):103-112

Abstract: The Wenyu mesothermal gold deposit is located in the Xiaoqinling district about 1000 km southwest of Beijing in central China. It occurs in the Late Archean to Early Proterozoic metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Three distinct stages of veins have been identified: (I) gold‐poor quartz–pyrite veins, (II) gold‐rich sulfide–quartz veins, and (III) gold‐poor carbonate–quartz veins. Stage II can be subdivided into IIa and IIb. Gold typically occurs as fracture‐fillings associated with chalcopyrite and galena. Fluid inclusions were examined in quartz samples from veins of both stage I and II. Three types of fluid inclusions are identified: CO₂–H₂O, CO₂–rich, and aqueous inclusions. The first two types are of primary in origin. The last type occurs in two ways: coexisting with CO₂–H₂O and CO₂–rich inclusions and thus primary in origin; and occurring along late healed fractures and hence secondary in origin. CO₂–H₂O inclusions display progressively decreasing Th and increasing Thco₂, from the highest Th (311–408C) and lowest Thco₂ (average 18C) in stage I quartz through middle Th (284–358C) and ThCO₂(average 25C) in stage IIa quartz to the lowest Th (275–314C) and highest ThCO₂ (average 28C) in stage IIb quartz, indicating an evolving H₂O–CO₂–NaCl fluid system. CO₂–rich and primary aqueous inclusions show consistent ThCO₂ or Th with their coexistent CO₂–H₂O inclusions. Whereas the secondary aqueous inclusions in stage I and IIa quartz have almost the same Th and salinity as the primary aqueous inclusions in stage IIb quartz. Comparing with CO₂–H₂O inclusions, these non–CO₂, low salinity aqueous inclusions may come from different origin, most probably meteoric water. Unlike in both stage I and IIa quartz, fluid inclusions in stage IIb do not show evidence of fluid immiscibility. The fact that most of gold is associated with stage IIa and IIb veins and not with veins of stage I which is the main stage of vein formation suggests that gold deposition occurs at the later stage of fluid immiscibility. The continuing phase separation led to the deposition of large amounts of gold at the Wenyu mine.  相似文献   

Genesis of the Mamut Porphyry Copper Deposit, Sabah, East Malaysia     

Akira IMAI 《Resource Geology》2000,50(1):1-23

Abstract: The Mamut deposit of Sabah, East Malaysia, is a porphyry type Cu‐Au deposit genetically related to a quartz monzonite (“adamellite”) porphyry stock associated with upper Miocene Mount Kinabalu plutonism. The genesis of the Mamut deposit is discussed based on petrology of the intrusives in the Mount Kinabalu area combined with ore– and alteration–petrography, fluid inclusion and sulfur isotope studies. Groundmass of the adamellite porphyry at Mamut is rich in K which suggests vapor transport of alkaline elements during the mineralizing magmatic process, while the groundmass of the post‐ore “granodiorite” porphyry at Mamut contains small amounts of normative corundum suggesting depletion in alkaline elements at the root zone of the magma column. Sub‐dendritic tremolitic amphibole rims on hornblende phenocrysts in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest interaction between the mineralizing magma and the exsolved fluids. Occurrences of clinopyroxene microphenocrysts and pseudomor‐phic aggregates of shredded biotite and clinopyroxene after hornblende phenocrysts in the barren intrusives imply lower water fugacity and decreasing in water fugacity, respectively. Compositional gap between the core of hornblende phenocrysts and the tremolitic amphibole rims and those in the groundmass of the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggests a decrease in pressure. Higher X_Mg (=Mg/(Mg+Fe) atomic ratio) in the tremolitic amphibole rims in the Mamut adamellite porphyry compared to those of the barren intrusions suggests high oxygen fugacity. High halogen contents of igneous hydrous minerals such as amphiboles, biotite and apatite in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest the existence of highly saline fluids during the intrusion and solidification of the mineralizing magma. Fluid inclusions found in quartz veinlet stockworks are characterized by abundant hypersaline polyphase inclusions associated with subordinate amounts of immiscible gaseous vapor. Both Cu and Au are dispersed in disseminated and quartz stockwork ores. Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite as well as magnetite are the principal ore minerals in the biotitized disseminated ores. Primary assemblage of intermediate solid solution (iss) and pyrrhotite converted to the present assemblage of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite during cooling. Subsequent to biotitization, quartz veinlet stockworks formed associated with retrograde chlorite alteration. The Cu‐Fe sul–fides associated with stockwork quartz veinlet are chalcopyrite and pyrite. Overlapping Pb and Zn and subsequent Sb mineralizations were spatially controlled by NNE‐trending fractures accompanying the phyllic and advanced argillic alteration envelope. Sulfur isotopic composition of ore sulfides are homogeneous (about +2%) throughout the mineralization stages. These are identical to those of the magmatic sulfides of Mount Kinabalu adamellitic rocks.  相似文献   

莺—琼盆地1号断裂带含烃热流体活动初探   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

孙玉梅  欧光习 《岩石学报》2000,16(4):687-694

１号断裂带是莺－琼盆地油气勘探的重点地区之一,有机包裹体研究有助于追踪油气及热流体活动的痕迹,为油气运聚成藏提供地球化学依据,通过包裹体薄片镜下观察,均一温度和盐度测试,认为工区内发育五种类型的有机包裹体：（１）液态烃包裹体;（２）气流态烃包裹体;（３）气态烃包裹体;（４）含烃ＣＯ２包裹体;（５）烃子矿物包裹体,含烃ＣＯ２包裹体一般与气态烃共生,含烃子矿物包裹体既无液态烃共生又与气态烃共生,包裹体  相似文献